‘A conventional weapons incident involving a torpedo fuel fire and the detonation of one or more warheads remains the most likely explanation for the sinking of the Russian Oscar II class submarine Kursk (K141). In a recent article in the Russian Journal Military Parade, the director of Gidripribor, the Russian torpedo design bureau, commented on the fact that the older generation torpedoes on Russian submarines had been replaced with modern (UGST) dual purpose, long-range torpedoes. In the past the Russians have also had hydrogen peroxide-fuelled torpedoes on their submarines, as well as torpedoes with high-pressure oxygen fuel and high energy batteries.”